He graduated from Fitzwilliam College, Cambridge University, with double starred-first-class honours in law. In 1950, he became a barrister of the Middle Temple and practised law until 1959. He co-founded the People's Action Party (PAP) in 1954. He held successive ministerial positions for 56 years. He continued to serve his Tanjong Pagar constituency for nearly 60 years as a Member of Parliament.
He oversaw Singapore's transformation from a stagnant British crown colony to an Asian Tiger economy. Many of his policies are now taught at the Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy. He made English the common language to integrate its immigrantsociety and to facilitate trade with the West. On 23 March 2015, Lee Kuan Yew died of pneumonia, at 91.
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